NaJosé Miguel Muñoz Gómez - High-density polyethylene liners ane mukurumbira nekuita midziyo mumarara, migodhi, mvura yetsvina, uye mamwe akakosha zvikamu. Zvishoma zvinokurukurwa asi zvakakodzera ongororo ndiyo yepamusoro kabhoni footprint ratings iyo HDPE geomembranes inopa maringe nezvipingaidzo zvechinyakare sevhu rakaumbwa.
A 1.5mm (60-mil) HDPE liner inogona kupa chisimbiso chakafanana ne 0.6m yemhando yepamusoro, homogeneous compacted ivhu uye inobereka permeability yakaderera pane 1 x 10-11 m/sec (pa ASTM D 5887). Iyo HDPE geomembrane inozopfuura kusapinda kwese uye kuenderera mberi matanho kana munhu akaongorora yakazara sainzi rekodhi, nekufunga nezvese zviwanikwa uye simba mukugadzirwa kwevhu uye HDPE geomembranes kuti ishandiswe sechivhariso layer.
Iyo geosynthetic nzira inopa, sekuratidzwa kwedata, mhinduro ine hushamwari nharaunda.
CARBON FOOTPRINT & HDPE GEOMEMBRANE FEATURES
Chinhu chikuru cheHDPE imonomer ethylene, iyo inopolymerized kuita polyethylene. Iwo makuru anokonzeresa aluminium trialkylitatanium tetrachloride uye chromium oxide.
Iyo polymerization ye ethylene uye co-monomers muHDPE inoitika mureactor pamberi pehydrogen patembiricha inosvika 110 ° C (230 ° F). Iyo inokonzeresa HDPE poda inobva yaiswa mupelletizer.
SOTRAFA inoshandisa calandred system (flat die) kugadzira yayo yekutanga HDPE geomembrane (ALVATECH HDPE) kubva pamapellets aya.
GHG Kuzivikanwa uye CO2 Yakaenzana
Iwo magasi egreenhouse anosanganisirwa mune yedu kabhoni tsoka yekuongorora aive ekutanga maGHG akatariswa mune aya maprotocol: carbon dioxide, methane, uye nitrous oxide. Gasi rega rega rine imwe Global Warming Potential (GWP) yakasiyana, inova chiyero chekuti huwandu hwakapihwa hwegasi regreenhouse hunoita sei mukudziya kwepasi kana shanduko yemamiriro ekunze.
Carbon dioxide iri netsanangudzo yakapihwa GWP ye1.0. Kuwedzera kusanganisa mipiro yemethane uye nitrous oxide kune kukanganiswa kwese, huwandu hwemethane uye nitrous oxide emissions inowedzerwa neayo GWP zvinhu zvobva zvawedzerwa kune kuwanda kuburitswa kwecarbon dioxide kuverenga "carbon dioxide yakaenzana" yakawanda. emission. Nezvinangwa zvechinyorwa chino, maGWPs akatorwa kubva kuhunhu hwakanyorwa mu2010 US EPA kutungamira "Kunosungirwa Kutaurwa kweGreenhouse Gas Emissions."
Iwo maGWPs eGHG akatariswa muongororo iyi:
Carbon Dioxide = 1.0 GWP 1 kg CO2 eq/Kg CO2
Methane = 21.0 GWP 21 Kg CO2 eq/Kg CH4
Nitrous Oxide = 310.0 GWP 310 kg CO2 eq/kg N2O
Kushandisa maGWPs ehama dzeGHGs, huwandu hwekabhoni dhaidhirosi yakaenzana (CO2eq) yakaverengerwa seizvi:
kg CO2 + (21.0 x kg CH4) + (310.0 x kg N2O) = kg CO2 eq
Kufungidzira: Iro simba, mvura, uye ruzivo rwekurasa kubva pakutorwa kwezvakagadzirwa (mafuta kana gasi rechisikigo) kuburikidza nekugadzirwa kweHDPE pellets uyezve kugadzira geomembrane HDPE:
5 mm gobvu HDPE geomembrane, ine density 940 Kg/m3
HDPE kabhoni tsoka ndeye 1.60 Kg CO2/kg polyethylene (ICE, 2008)
940 Kg/m3 x 0.0015 mx 10,000 m2/ha x 1.15 (zvimedu uye zvakapindirana) = 16,215 Kgr HDPE/ha
E = 16,215 Kg HDPE/Ha x 1.60 Kg CO2/kg HDPE => 25.944 Kg CO2 eq/ha
Kufungidzira Kutakura: 15.6 m2 / rori, 1000 km kubva kugadzira chirimwa kuenda kunzvimbo yebasa
15 kg CO2/ gal dhiziri x gal/3,785 marita = 2.68 Kg CO2/lita dhiziri
26 g N2O/gal dhiziri x gal/3,785 marita x 0.31 kg CO2 eq/g N2O = 0.021 kg CO2 eq/lita dhiziri
44 g CH4/gal diese x gal/3,785 marita x 0.021 kg CO2 eq/g CH4 = 0.008 kg CO2 eq/lita dhiziri
1 litre dhiziri = 2.68 + 0.021 + 0.008 = 2.71 kg CO2 eq
Pa-Mugwagwa rori chigadzirwa chekutakura zvinobuda:
E = TMT x (EF CO2 + 0.021∙EF CH4 + 0.310∙EF N2O)
E = TMT x (0.972 + (0.021 x 0.0035)+(0.310 x 0.0027)) = TM x 0.298 Kg CO2 eq/ton‐maira
Kupi:
E = Yese CO2 yakaenzana kuburitswa (kg)
TMT = Matani Maira Akafamba
EF CO2 = CO2 emission factor (0.297 kg CO2/ton-maira)
EF CH4 = CH4 emission factor (0.0035 gr CH4/ton-maira)
EF N2O = N2O emission factor (0.0027 g N2O/ton-maira)
Kushandura kuita Metric Units:
0.298 kg CO2/ton-maira x 1.102 matani/tani x mamaira/1.61 km = 0,204 kg CO2/tonne‐km
E = TKT x 0,204 kg CO2 eq/tonne‐km
Kupi:
E = Yese CO2 yakaenzana kuburitswa (Kg)
TKT = tonne – makiromita Akafamba.
Distance from Manufacturing Plant (Sotrafa) to Job Site (Hypothetical) = 1000 km
Typical Yakaremerwa rori uremu: 15,455 kg/rori + 15.6 m2 x 1.5 x 0.94/rori = 37,451 kg/rori
641 rori/ha
E = (1000 km x 37,451 kg/rori x tonne/1000 kg x 0.641 rori/ha) x 0.204 kg CO2 eq/tonne‐km =
E = 4,897.24 Kg CO2 eq/ha
Pfupiso yeGeomembrane HDPE 1.5 mm Carbon Footprint
ZVINHU ZVAKAKOMBEREDZA CLAY LINERS UYE YAYO CARBON FOOTPRINT
Matani evhu akakomberedzwa ave achishandiswa munhoroondo sezvivhariso zvivharo mumadhamu emvura uye nzvimbo dzekuchengetera marara. Zvinozivikanwa zvinodikanwa zvekutonga zvevhu rakakomberedzwa liner ishoma ukobvu hwe 0.6 m, ine yakanyanya hydraulic conductivity ye 1 x 10-11 m/sec.
Maitirwo acho: Dongo panzvimbo yekukwereta rinocherwa pachishandiswa midziyo yekuvaka yakajairwa, iyo inoisawo zvinhu zvacho pamarori ekurasa matatu ekutakura kuenda kunzvimbo yebasa. Rori imwe neimwe inofungidzirwa kuti ine huwandu hwe15 m3 yevhu rakasununguka. Tichishandisa compaction factor ye1.38, zvinofungidzirwa kuti zvinodarika marori mazana mashanu nemakumi mashanu evhu angazodiwa kugadzira 0.6m gobvu yakaumbwa liner yevhu panzvimbo yehekita imwe.
Chinhambwe kubva kunzvimbo yekukwereta kuenda kunzvimbo yebasa, hongu, chakanangana nesaiti uye chinogona kusiyana zvakanyanya. Nezvinangwa zvekuongorora uku, chinhambwe che16 km (10 mamaira) chaifungidzirwa. Kutakura kubva kune ivhu kukwereta sosi uye nzvimbo yebasa chikamu chikuru cheyakazara kabhoni emissions. Kunzwa kweiyo yakazara kabhoni tsoka yekuchinja mune ino saiti-chaiyo shanduko inoongororwa pano.
Pfupiso yeCompacted Clay Liner Carbon Footprint
MHEDZISO
Nepo HDPE geomembranes ichizogara ichisarudzwa kuti iite pamberi pekabhoni tsoka yezvakanaka, maverengero anoshandiswa pano zvakare anotsigira kushandiswa kweiyo geosynthetic mhinduro pazvikonzero zvekugarisa maringe nedzimwe mhinduro dzakajairwa dzekuvaka.
Geomembranes senge ALVATECH HDPE 1.5 mm ichave yakatsanangurwa kune yavo yakanyanya makemikari kuramba, yakasimba michina zvivakwa, uye hupenyu hwesevhisi kwenguva refu; asi isu tinofanirawo kutora nguva yekuziva kuti chinyorwa ichi chinopa kabhoni footprint rating iyo iri 3x yakaderera pane ivhu rakaumbwa. Kunyangwe ukaongorora ivhu remhando yepamusoro uye nzvimbo yekukwereta makiromita gumi nematanhatu chete kubva panzvimbo yeprojekiti, HDPE geomembranes ichibva 1000 km kure ichiri kudarika ivhu rakaumbwa pachiyero che carbon footprint.
Yakadzorerwa kubva: https://www.geosynthetica.net/carbon-footprint-hdpe-geomembranes-aug2018/
Nguva yekutumira: Sep-28-2022